{"id":12969,"date":"2017-08-10T16:45:01","date_gmt":"2017-08-10T09:45:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thitruongsi.com\/kinh-nghiem\/?p=12969"},"modified":"2017-08-10T16:45:01","modified_gmt":"2017-08-10T09:45:01","slug":"de-xuat-khau-nong-san-thoat-kho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thitruongsi.com\/kinh-nghiem\/de-xuat-khau-nong-san-thoat-kho\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n tho\u00e1t kh\u00f3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n \u0111ang l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 l\u1edbn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng \u00edt doanh nghi\u1ec7p (DN) xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n v\u1eabn g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ph\u1ea3i &#8220;\u00f4m&#8221; nh\u1eefng l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1&#8230;\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, 6 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2017, gi\u00e1 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u gi\u1ea3m 16,7%, gi\u00e1 h\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3m 4,4%, gi\u00e1 ti\u00eau gi\u1ea3m 26,8% so v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3 2016. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n gi\u00e1 h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia trong ng\u00e0nh nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 do xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, M\u1ef9, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n b\u1ecb ch\u1eefng l\u1ea1i, ngu\u1ed3n cung v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d4ng Phan Minh Th\u00f4ng &#8211; T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng ty CP Ph\u00fac Sinh cho bi\u1ebft: &#8220;N\u0103m 2017 l\u00e0 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c DN xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ti\u00eau v\u00ec gi\u00e1 ti\u00eau gi\u1ea3m s\u00e2u. N\u1ebfu th\u00e1ng 4, th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2016, gi\u00e1 h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau l\u00ean t\u1edbi 185 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/t\u1ea5n th\u00ec c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3 n\u0103m nay gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 72 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/t\u1ea5n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 khi gi\u00e1 xu\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n cung nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u1ea5n h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c DN xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y kho c\u1ea3ng, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu l\u1ed7 m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Theo c\u00e1c DN d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n, khi &#8220;th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng&#8221; d\u01b0 th\u1eeba ngu\u1ed3n cung, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 DN th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i mua h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c DN n\u00e0y thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ch\u1eef t\u00edn.<\/p>\n<p>So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kinh doanh kh\u00e1c, xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n g\u1eb7p kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro do gi\u00e1 lu\u00f4n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng, vi\u1ec7c thua l\u1ed7 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi v\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u00fac ch\u1ed1t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng khi giao h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i l\u00ean cao. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb thua l\u1ed7, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 DN \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ee7y h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, kh\u00f4ng giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 cam k\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf kh\u00f3, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea7u ch\u1ef1c \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ec3 mong nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i, l\u00e3nh s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c DN n\u00e0y b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t, k\u00e9o theo DN xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng m\u1edf v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, th\u00eam h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y l\u00e0 DN Vi\u1ec7t Nam ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ngu\u1ed3n h\u00e0ng, quy\u1ec1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n \u1ea5y. Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3, nh\u1eefng DN kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef uy t\u00edn v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f2n m\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin khi tham gia c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u DN l\u00e0m \u0103n kh\u00f4ng uy t\u00edn c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng DN c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i l\u1ef1c, l\u00e0m \u0103n nghi\u00eam t\u00fac s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng&#8221; &#8211; \u00f4ng \u0110o\u00e0n V\u0103n Khanh &#8211; Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c DN t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n Long Thu\u1eadn kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 &#8220;vua h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau&#8221;, \u00f4ng Phan Minh Th\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb: &#8220;C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb l\u00fac k\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m giao h\u00e0ng ch\u00eanh nhau m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u USD, nh\u01b0 n\u0103m 2015, gi\u00e1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch l\u00ean t\u1edbi 52 tri\u1ec7u USD, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn giao h\u00e0ng&#8221;. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Ph\u00fac Sinh l\u00e0 ngay khi k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, C\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 mua \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ngu\u1ed3n cung \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m khan hi\u1ebfm ngu\u1ed3n cung, gi\u00e1 l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi l\u00fac k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, C\u00f4ng ty v\u1eabn giao \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng. &#8220;\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, khi m\u00ecnh gi\u1eef uy t\u00edn m\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng uy t\u00edn, d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n th\u00ec c\u0169ng ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i&#8221; &#8211; \u00f4ng Th\u00f4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro, thua l\u1ed7 khi gi\u00e1 l\u00ean, kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Ph\u00fac Sinh l\u00e0 n\u00ean mua b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m hedging, c\u00f2n m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m th\u00ec b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c mua b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0ng th\u1eadt. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n cho c\u00e1c DN xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t \u00edt DN l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u0169ng b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d4ng Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2m Vi\u00ean &#8211; T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng ty CP Vinamit chia s\u1ebb th\u00eam: &#8220;Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, m\u1ed9t DN gi\u1eef ch\u1eef t\u00edn s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf khi mua h\u00e0ng v\u00ec n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng cho nh\u1eefng DN lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef \u0111\u00fang cam k\u1ebft, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m &#8220;\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9a m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1\u201d. \u0110\u01a1n c\u1eed, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u00e1 ti\u00eau xu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay, trong l\u00fac nhi\u1ec1u DN ch\u1ecbu c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00ecu hiu th\u00ec c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a Vinamit, Ph\u00fac Sinh l\u1ea1i lu\u00f4n b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty uy t\u00edn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb \u00e9p gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00f4ng tin t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf &#8220;Nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp&#8221; cho th\u1ea5y, trong 6 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2017, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 45% ki\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t sang M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 do DN thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o, b\u00e0 V\u0169 Kim H\u1ea1nh &#8211; Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i Doanh nghi\u1ec7p h\u00e0ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao cho bi\u1ebft, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan, DN l\u1ea1i \u00edt ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang M\u1ef9 g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Theo \u00f4ng Vi\u00ean, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, sau khi giao h\u00e0ng, nhi\u1ec1u DN cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, v\u00ec v\u1eady, khi ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay b\u1ecb tr\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng th\u00ec DN th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh. Song, \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac qua s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n, n\u1ebfu d\u00e1m nh\u1eadn l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh, ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1ec1 sau.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i thi\u1ebfu n\u1eefa m\u00e0 c\u00e1c DN xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ea7n l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1edf t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c. \u00d4ng Th\u00f4ng n\u00f3i: &#8220;Mu\u1ed1n ra ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0m \u0103n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c. Hi\u1ec3u v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn, coi nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 50%. \u0110\u01a1n c\u1eed, khi l\u00e0m \u0103n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t 30 ph\u00fat l\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u00f2n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>Ho\u1eb7c khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, su\u1ed1t hai ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi m\u1ed9t ly n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecd m\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a ri\u00eang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay sau khi v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n, m\u1edf mail th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c DN n\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n lu\u1eadt, d\u00f9 t\u1ed1n ti\u1ec1n, v\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap DN tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb thua thi\u1ec7t khi ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n \u0111ang l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 l\u1edbn. 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