{"id":14267,"date":"2017-08-21T15:23:40","date_gmt":"2017-08-21T08:23:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thitruongsi.com\/kinh-nghiem\/?p=14267"},"modified":"2017-08-21T15:23:40","modified_gmt":"2017-08-21T08:23:40","slug":"quan-tri-rui-ro-trong-xuat-khau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thitruongsi.com\/kinh-nghiem\/quan-tri-rui-ro-trong-xuat-khau\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro trong xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111ang \u0111em l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n thu r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u00edt doanh nghi\u1ec7p (DN) b\u1ecb tr\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 do ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1edf t\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, DN ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 4.0.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean DN c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u th\u1eadt c\u1eb7n k\u1ebd lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hi\u1ec3u lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m lu\u1eadt<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m sang M\u1ef9, DN ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft Lu\u1eadt Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 D\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m M\u1ef9 (FDA)&#8230; Xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang Nh\u1eadt, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean DN ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ebb em, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c, ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng&#8230; Chia s\u1ebb t\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o X\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a FDA Hoa K\u1ef3, \u00f4ng Nestor Scherbey &#8211; chuy\u00ean gia c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean minh T\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, chuy\u00ean gia H\u1ea3i quan Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WCO) cho bi\u1ebft, n\u1ebfu DN kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u k\u1ef9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u1edfi t\u1ed1 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n Li\u00ean bang, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u1ea5m v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0o Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c DN Vi\u1ec7t Nam khi xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang M\u1ef9 g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00ec FDA th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u1eaft khe h\u01a1n, trong khi c\u00e1c DN Vi\u1ec7t l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p trong vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm b\u1eaft nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, FDA quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0o M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u1edbi FDA tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u01a1 s\u1edf b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd l\u1ea1i sau m\u1ed7i 2 n\u0103m&#8230; V\u00ec ch\u1eadm c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin n\u00ean c\u00e1c DN th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eafc l\u1ed7i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, b\u1ecb c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u t\u1eeb FDA&#8230; Theo c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 7\/2017, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 530 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p DN Vi\u1ec7t Nam vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0o M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb FDA c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o. Theo \u00f4ng Nestor Scherbey, mu\u1ed1n an to\u00e0n, c\u00e1c DN c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd th\u00ec h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o M\u1ef9 m\u00e0 b\u1ecb C\u1ee5c H\u1ea3i quan gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i. V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u1ecb gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i th\u00ec DN ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu ph\u00ed l\u01b0u gi\u1eef, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n&#8230;, quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u1edfi t\u1ed1 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n<p>Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, b\u00e0 V\u0169 Kim H\u1ea1nh &#8211; Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u00e0ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao cho bi\u1ebft, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 qua vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec1u DN Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1eb7p tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c khi xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 do n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng Lu\u1eadt Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m trong khi DN ch\u01b0a n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, DN c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 4.0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm r\u00f5 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, DN ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 4.0. Chia s\u1ebb t\u1ea1i di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u 2017 v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 &#8220;Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro trong xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u&#8221; do Trung t\u00e2m X\u00fac ti\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 TP.HCM (ITPC) t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fa H\u00f2a &#8211; Ph\u00f3 c\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edfng C\u1ee5c Xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u (B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng) cho r\u1eb1ng, kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 n\u00eau quan \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc&#8230;; Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u00e1i c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c&#8230; C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 \u0111ang t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i&#8230;, khi\u1ebfn cho chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o thu h\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n. Nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi cho DN Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f9ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng Yuichiro Shiotani &#8211; T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Topvalu Japan chia s\u1ebb th\u00eam, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u0111ang l\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. DN mu\u1ed1n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, ph\u1ea3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu m\u00e0 c\u00e1c DN Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c. D\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng cho lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng Yuichiro Shiotani \u0111\u01b0a ra s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng may m\u1eb7c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, trong 600 tri\u1ec7u USD nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng may m\u1eb7c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 28 tri\u1ec7u USD t\u1eeb 50 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, trong khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi 400 tri\u1ec7u USD v\u00e0 430 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 tr\u00ean, theo c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, DN ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i thu\u1ebf quan t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd k\u1ebft hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Li\u00ean minh Kinh t\u1ebf \u00c1 &#8211; \u00c2u&#8230; B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro thanh to\u00e1n c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. DN n\u00ean thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c khung r\u1ee7i ro khi xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111ang \u0111em l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n thu r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u00edt doanh nghi\u1ec7p (DN) b\u1ecb tr\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 do ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1edf t\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, DN ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p  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